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The Motivation of volunteers to work in developing countries
Cironis, Tomáš ; Pospíšilová, Tereza (advisor) ; Klípa, Ondřej (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the issue of motivation to volunteer in developing countries. The aim of the diploma thesis was to analyze the concept of volunteering in developing countries, with regard to the motivation of people who choose to volunteer in a developing country. The theoretical part characterizes the main concepts and topics such as volunteering, including its legislative definition, developing countries, motivation to volunteer. The practical part describes the research, which aimed to analyze the motivation of volunteers working in developing countries. The research sample consisted of 75 volunteers who were given a questionnaire of Author's own design. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with two other volunteers. Volunteers were found to be motivated to help, as well as motivation associated with personal gain. The motivation of volunteers was formed due to the experience with the effectiveness of aid in volunteering. Weaknesses were identified, in particular regarding the preparation of volunteers before leaving for a developing country. Part of the work is a recommendation for sending organizations, as well as for the volunteers themselves. Key words: Civil society, developing country, education, motivation, sending organization, voluntarism, volunteering.
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WILL ACCORDING TO ARTHUR SCHOPENHAUER
Kubica, František ; Hogenová, Anna (advisor) ; Rybák, David (referee) ; Demjančuk, Nikolaj (referee)
This Ph.D. thesis aims to clarify the notion of will of Arthur Schopenhauer in a historical context. The understanding of will in Schopenhauer's predecessors - Descartes, Leibniz, Kant and Hegel - will also be covered. The paper will try to discover what impact their notion of will had on Schopenhauer's philosophy, which is the topic of the second, most important part of the thesis. It will present Schopenhauer's understanding of the world as will and idea. According to Schopenhauer, everything in the world is subordinate to causal laws, which the thesis also presents. There are even more topics to be covered - the partition of the world to subject and objects, which exist only for the subject, examples of manifestation of the will in nature and different branches of science, the impossibility of freedom and so on. Our attention will also be focused on what impact Schopenhauer's notion of will had on his aethetics and ethics. The last part deals with the voluntarism of Friedrich Nietzsche, who transforms Schopenhauer's pessimistic notion of a cruel will to life to an optimistic will to power. In relation to this, several topics will be covered - ressentiment as a consequence of the massive spread of slave morality, the cruitique of Christianity and Nietzsche's expectation of the overman's arrival.
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Role and motivation of volunteers in development projects: A case study of Czech volunteers
Pantůčková, Monika ; Chaloupková, Petra (advisor) ; Tereza, Tereza (referee)
Motivation is a key factor influencing an individual to become a volunteer. This study examines the motivation Czech volunteers to work on development projects, based on data obtained from the survey and scientific articles. The survey was conducted on 80 Czech volunteers from various Czech NGOs, 40 out of 80 were volunteers working for Kintari organization in Indonesia. The main motivation for volunteering were divided into five sections according to orientation; altruism, culture, philanthropy, traveling and socializing. Differences were identified among respondents when Kintari volunteers chose culture and travel, which is closely related to their length of stay, while volunteers from other Czech NGOs selected altruism and philanthropy. Subsequently, based on the test of factor analysis (FA) was created a domains consisting of the items questionnaire. In the statistical measurements and indicators were using factor analysis which was deemed appropriate, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient, which verified the estimate of the level of internal consistency and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measurement to determine the suitability of the selected data. The calculation used t-test for socio-demographic attributes excluded the thesis that females are more altruistically motivated than males. Respondents confirmed altruistic and egoistic gain experience from volunteering, including the development of communication skills, stress management, development of empathic skills, understanding of the local community, opportunities to participate in social events, work in a multicultural team and the ability to be part of social groups. Kintari volunteers cause on the project preferentially associate with opportunities to experience the culture and travel, while other volunteers from the Czech NGOs travelled mainly due to work and own education, which is closely related to the fact that they had more previous experience from other projects. The general rule confirmed that a shorter stay affects more altruism, socialization and desire to travel. As an area of weakness, Kintari volunteers market communication and cooperation with the management organization (missing feedback), and insufficient provision of educational aids.
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Philosophy of extreme voluntarism (Schopenhauer) and its influence on later authors (Friedrich Nietzche and Ladislav Klima)
LASTOMIRSKÁ, Jana
The work deals with the extreme voluntarism and his influence on later authors. First, is the work of Schopenhauer explained the concept of the metaphysical will. Here is insights will primarily as a form of objectification and the closest is served objectification of the body, understood as object.In next section, this will monitored in philosophy of Ladislav Klíma and his idea of egodeism. For Klíma however, metaphysical will lose its transcendent ability and insight from a purely subjective point of view. The last part is mentioned Friedrich Nietzsche, whose theory of the will to power and the death of God, could be an inspiration for the Klíma's idea of egodeism.
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